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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
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Implementing interventions to reduce antibiotic use: a qualitative study in high-prescribing practices.

Aleksandra J Borek1, Anne Campbell2, Elle Dent3

  • 1Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK. Aleksandra.borek@phc.ox.ac.uk.

BMC Family Practice
|January 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Delayed antibiotic prescriptions and point-of-care C-Reactive Protein testing are not seen as clinical tools by high-prescribing practices. Professionals view these strategies as social tools to manage patient expectations and reduce unnecessary antibiotic use.

Keywords:
Antibiotic resistanceAntibioticsAntimicrobial stewardshipBack-up prescriptionFocus groupsGeneral practicePoint-of-care testing

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Area of Science:

  • General Practice
  • Antimicrobial Stewardship
  • Qualitative Research

Background:

  • Delayed antibiotic prescriptions (DPs) and point-of-care C-Reactive Protein testing (POC-CRPT) reduce antibiotic use in general practice.
  • These strategies are underutilized in high-antibiotic-prescribing practices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore healthcare professionals' views in high-prescribing practices regarding the implementation of DPs and POC-CRPT.
  • To understand barriers and facilitators to adopting these strategies for reducing antibiotic consumption.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative focus group study conducted in English general practices.
  • Participants included clinical and non-clinical professionals from high-prescribing practices.
  • Thematic analysis was used to analyze transcribed focus group discussions.

Main Results:

  • Professionals perceived DPs and POC-CRPT as limited clinical tools, useful mainly for experienced clinicians or in rare uncertain cases.
  • Strategies were seen as valuable "social tools" for patient negotiation and education, particularly for those expecting antibiotics.
  • Ambiguities regarding usage, impact on antibiotic prescribing, and contextual barriers were identified.

Conclusions:

  • High-prescribing practices do not align with current policy viewing DPs and POC-CRPT as clinical uncertainty tools.
  • These strategies may be more effective as "social tools" to curb unnecessary antibiotic prescribing.
  • Addressing ambiguities and contextual barriers is crucial for wider implementation and improved antimicrobial stewardship.