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Objective measurement of adherence to wearing foot orthoses using an embedded temperature sensor
Hylton B Menz1, Daniel R Bonanno1
1Discipline of Podiatry, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia; La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia.
Abstract:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the validity of a temperature sensor for the measurement of adherence to wearing foot orthoses. Ten participants were provided with foot orthoses containing an embedded temperature sensor and wore the orthoses for a randomly-determined duration over a five-day period. Sensor-detected wear time was compared to a reference standard (objectively measured wear time using a smart-phone application). Ambient temperature and physical activity were recorded with a temperature gauge and wearable activity tracker, respectively. A simple peak detection algorithm which identified the largest one-minute changes in sensor temperature provided highly accurate wear time values (r = 0.999, coefficient of variation=0.2%). Ambient temperature and physical activity did not significantly influence temperature sensor scores. These findings demonstrate that the temperature sensor provides accurate foot orthosis wear time data and may therefore be a useful tool for documenting adherence in clinical practice and intervention studies.
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