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Factors associated with opioid-tapering success: A mixed methods study
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : Japha
|January 24, 2021
Summary
Over half of patients successfully reduced opioid use by 50% during tapering. Predictors include age, prior surgery, and certain medical conditions, alongside patient willingness and support.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy
- Pain Management
- Addiction Medicine
Background:
- Opioid tapering is crucial when risks of chronic opioid use exceed benefits.
- Limited understanding exists regarding patient characteristics and factors influencing successful opioid tapering.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify patient characteristics predicting a 50% reduction in opioid use.
- To qualitatively explore factors impacting opioid tapering success.
Main Methods:
- Multilevel hierarchical modeling used to analyze predictors of 50% opioid reduction in pharmacist-led tapering.
- Qualitative interviews with patients and pharmacists conducted to identify success factors.
Main Results:
- 56% of 1384 patients achieved a 50% reduction in opioid use after 12 months.
- Predictors of success included younger age, previous surgery, substance use disorder, anxiety, and specific medication use.
- Patient willingness, provider engagement, tapering pace, and external circumstances influenced outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Over half of patients successfully reduced opioid use by 50% through tapering.
- Demographic and clinical factors predict success, but patient motivation and personal circumstances are also key.
- Individualized opioid tapering strategies considering both clinical and personal factors are essential.
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