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Does estrogen regulate vitellogenin synthesis in corals?

Ee Suan Tan1, Hirono Hamazato1, Takahiro Ishii2

  • 1Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Estradiol-17β (E2) is involved in coral oocyte development but does not regulate vitellogenin synthesis. Acropora tenuis may produce its own sex steroids, excluding aromatase.

Keywords:
Coral reproductionEstradiol-17βSteroid hormonesVitellogenesisVitellogeninVitellogenin synthesis

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Broadcast spawning corals exhibit a prolonged vitellogenic phase, crucial for oocyte development.
  • Estrogen is a known regulator of vitellogenin synthesis in vertebrates.
  • The precise role of sex steroids in coral oogenesis remains largely unelucidated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify steroid hormones (progesterone, testosterone, estradiol-17β (E2)) during oogenesis in Acropora tenuis.
  • To investigate the relationship between vitellogenesis, vitellogenin synthesis, and sex steroids in corals.
  • To determine the effect of E2 on coral vitellogenin synthesis and identify relevant steroidogenic enzymes.

Main Methods:

  • Monthly collection of Acropora tenuis branches from March to November for histological and molecular analyses.
  • Real-time qPCR to measure vitellogenin (vg1 and vg2) transcript levels.
  • Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to detect and quantify steroid hormones.
  • Exogenous E2 immersion experiments and genomic identification of steroidogenic enzymes.

Main Results:

  • Vitellogenesis occurred from March to May, with peak vitellogenin transcripts in April and May, preceding spawning.
  • Estradiol-17β (E2) was detected during vitellogenesis (March-May) but absent post-spawning (June).
  • E2 immersion did not elevate vitellogenin transcript levels; testosterone and progesterone showed minimal fluctuation.

Conclusions:

  • Estradiol-17β (E2) plays a role in coral oogenesis but does not directly stimulate vitellogenin synthesis.
  • Acropora tenuis possesses genes for steroidogenic enzymes, suggesting endogenous synthesis of androgens and progestogens, but lacks aromatase (CYP19A).
  • Coral reproductive endocrinology differs from vertebrates, particularly in vitellogenin regulation.