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The use of physical exercise in forensic psychiatric care in Sweden: a nationwide survey
Henrik Bergman1,2,3, Thomas Nilsson2,3,4, Peter Andiné2,3,4
1Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Background:
Exercise protects against somatic comorbidities and positively affects cognitive function and psychiatric symptoms in patients with severe mental illness. In forensic psychiatry, exercise is a novel concept. Staff at inpatient care facilities may be important resources for successful intervention. Little is known about staff's knowledge, attitudes and behaviors regarding exercise in forensic psychiatric care.
Aims:
To translate, culturally adapt and test the feasibility of the Exercise in Mental Health Questionnaire-Health Professionals Version (EMIQ-HP) in the Swedish context, and to use this EMIQ-HP-Swedish version to describe staff's knowledge, attitudes and behaviors regarding exercise.
Method:
The EMIQ-HP was translated, culturally adapted, pilot-tested and thereafter used in a cross-sectional nationwide survey.
Results:
Ten of 25 clinics and 239 health professionals (50.1%) participated. Two parts of the EMIQ-HP-Swedish version showed problems. Most participants considered exercise to be a low-risk treatment (92.4%) that is beneficial (99.2%). Training in exercise prescription was reported by 16.3%. Half of participants (52.7%) prescribed exercise and 50.0% of those undertook formal assessments prior to prescribing.
Conclusions:
Creation of the EMIQ-HP-Swedish version was successful, despite some clarity problems. Exercise appears to be prescribed informally by non-experts in Swedish forensic psychiatric care and does not address treatment goals.
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