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Magnesium and imidazole propionate

Lei Fan1, Danxia Yu1, Xiangzhu Zhu1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
|January 25, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Magnesium (Mg) supplementation significantly reduced circulating imidazole propionate (ImP), a metabolite linked to type 2 diabetes. This suggests Mg may help regulate gut microbial metabolites and improve metabolic health.

Area of Science:

  • Metabolomics
  • Microbiome research
  • Nutritional science

Background:

  • Elevated circulating imidazole propionate (ImP), a microbial metabolite, is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and insulin resistance.
  • Low magnesium (Mg) status may promote gut microbial production of ImP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of Mg supplementation on circulating ImP levels.
  • To test the hypothesis that Mg status influences ImP production by gut microbiota.

Main Methods:

  • A 2x2 factorial randomized controlled trial (PPCCT) involving 68 participants at high risk for Mg deficiency.
  • Plasma metabolites were measured using untargeted LC-MS metabolomics.
  • Changes in ImP were correlated with changes in serum and urinary Mg.

Main Results:

  • Mg treatment significantly reduced ImP by 39.9% compared to a 6.0% increase in the placebo arm (P=0.02).
  • Changes in ImP showed a significant negative correlation with changes in urinary Mg (r=-0.31, P<0.01).
  • Mg treatment also affected other metabolites, increasing propionic acid and decreasing glutarate.

Conclusions:

  • Mg supplementation effectively reduces circulating ImP levels.
  • Findings support a role for Mg in modulating gut microbial metabolite production.
  • Further research is needed to confirm these effects and explore mechanisms.
Keywords:
Imidazole propionateMagnesiumMicrobial metaboliteRandomized controlled trialType 2 diabetes

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