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A Nationwide, Multicentric Case-Control Study on Vitiligo (MEDEC-V) to Elicit the Magnitude and Correlates
Nilendu Sarma1, Sayantani Chakraborty2, Shital Poojary3
1Department of Dermatology, Dr B C Roy Post Graduate Institute of Pediatric Science, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Indian Journal of Dermatology
|January 25, 2021
Summary
This large study found vitiligo affects 0.89% of Indian hospital patients, with higher prevalence in females. Key risk factors include family history, consanguinity, and chemical exposure, while obesity was less common.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Vitiligo is a common idiopathic depigmentation disorder with often uncertain epidemiological data.
- Previous studies have faced methodological limitations impacting parameter accuracy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of vitiligo in India.
- To identify significant correlates and risk factors associated with vitiligo.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 443,275 patients across 30 medical colleges in 21 Indian states over one year.
- Epidemiological and clinical data were collected and compared with age- and sex-matched controls.
Main Results:
- The institutional prevalence of vitiligo was 0.89%, with a higher incidence in females (0.93%) than males (0.86%).
- Nonsegmental vitiligo was most common (67.89%), often presenting before age 20.
- Significant associations were found with family history, consanguinity, hypothyroid disorders, chemical exposure, and a lower incidence of obesity.
Conclusions:
- Vitiligo prevalence in Indian hospital attendees is 0.89%, higher in females.
- Family history, consanguinity, hypothyroid disorders, and chemical exposure are significant risk factors.
- This study provides robust epidemiological data on vitiligo in India.
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