Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...

Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia

Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...

Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...

Language and Cognition

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Facial Emotion Recognition and its Associations With Psychological Well-Being Across Four Schizotypal Dimensions: a Cross-Sectional Study.

Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists·2025

Same author

<i>Cold</i> executive function processes and their <i>hot</i> analogs in schizotypy.

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS·2023

Same author

Cognitive Processes and Resting-State Functional Neuroimaging Findings in High Schizotypal Individuals and Schizotypal Personality Disorder Patients: A Systematic Review.

Brain sciences·2023

Same author

Facial emotion recognition and schizotypal traits: A systematic review of behavioural studies.

Early intervention in psychiatry·2022

Same author

The moderating role of early traumatic experiences on the association of schizotypal traits with visual perception.

Scandinavian journal of psychology·2022

Same author

Screening for cognitive impairment in systemic lupus erythematosus: Application of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in a Greek patient sample.

Lupus·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

Cognitive Functioning and Schizotypy: A Four-Years Study.

Penny Karamaouna^1,2, Chrysoula Zouraraki^1,2, Stella G Giakoumaki^1,2

¹Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece.

Frontiers in Psychiatry

|January 25, 2021

Summary

Longitudinal study reveals schizotypal traits and cognitive functions show varied stability over time. High negative schizotypy predicts poorer cognitive performance, informing early intervention for at-risk individuals.

Keywords:

cognitive functioning follow-up schizophrenia-spectrum schizotypal traits stability over time

More Related Videos

Investigating the Effects of Antipsychotics and Schizotypy on the N400 Using Event-Related Potentials and Semantic Categorization

Investigating the Effects of Antipsychotics and Schizotypy on the N400 Using Event-Related Potentials and Semantic Categorization

Published on: November 19, 2014

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Published on: August 18, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

Investigating the Effects of Antipsychotics and Schizotypy on the N400 Using Event-Related Potentials and Semantic Categorization

Investigating the Effects of Antipsychotics and Schizotypy on the N400 Using Event-Related Potentials and Semantic Categorization

Published on: November 19, 2014

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Published on: August 18, 2020

Area of Science:

Psychology
Neuroscience
Psychiatry

Background:

Cross-sectional studies suggest cognitive deficits in high schizotypal individuals mirror schizophrenia.
Longitudinal evidence for cognitive stability and predictive value of schizotypy is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

Examine the stability of schizotypal traits and cognitive functions over 4 years.
Assess the predictive value of baseline schizotypy on follow-up cognition.
Compare cognitive differences between high negative schizotypal individuals and controls over time.

Main Methods:

Longitudinal assessment of 70 participants (mean age 36.17, 70% female) at baseline and 4-year follow-up.
Schizotypal traits evaluated using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire.
Comprehensive neuropsychological testing of cognitive functions.

Main Results:

Schizotypal traits generally decreased, except in 'schizotypy congruent' individuals where negative and disorganized schizotypy remained stable.
Cognitive functions like response inhibition and attention switching improved over time.
High negative schizotypy predicted poorer response inhibition and semantic switching; high disorganized schizotypy predicted poorer semantic processing and processing speed.

Conclusions:

Schizotypal traits exhibit differential stability, with some aspects remaining consistent in specific individuals.
Baseline schizotypy predicts distinct patterns of cognitive performance over a 4-year period.
Findings support targeted early interventions for high-risk schizotypal populations.