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Hypochlorous Acid Solution Is Safe for Intracavitary Lavage: Examination in a Rodent Model.

Robert L Ball1,2, Gaurav Garg1,2, Juan Sebastian Vazquez1,2

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Eplasty
|January 25, 2021
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Summary

Hypochlorous acid is safe for intracavitary lavage, showing no adverse effects compared to normal saline in surgical rat models. Dakin's solution, however, caused significant tissue damage and apoptosis.

Keywords:
Dakin's solutionhypochlorous acidintracavitarylavagewashout

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical Innovation
  • Biomedical Research
  • Antimicrobial Agents

Background:

  • Intracavitary irrigation is standard in surgery, particularly in contaminated fields.
  • Normal saline is the typical irrigant, but hypochlorous acid offers potential antimicrobial benefits.
  • This study evaluates hypochlorous acid safety for intracavitary lavage versus normal saline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the safety of hypochlorous acid solution with normal saline for intracavitary lavage.
  • To assess the cytotoxic effects of hypochlorous acid and Dakin's solution in a rat surgical model.

Main Methods:

  • Rats underwent laminectomy, thoracotomy, or laparotomy, followed by intracavitary lavage with normal saline or hypochlorous acid.
  • Dakin's solution was used as a cytotoxic comparator.
  • Histological examination and caspase-3 immunohistochemistry were performed on postoperative day 5.

Main Results:

  • Hypochlorous acid lavage showed no significant difference in outcomes or histology compared to normal saline.
  • Organ-specific architecture remained intact in both hypochlorous acid and normal saline groups.
  • Dakin's solution induced significant fibrosis, hemorrhage, and apoptosis in the bowel mesentery.

Conclusions:

  • Hypochlorous acid is a safe irrigant for intraperitoneal, intrathecal, and intrathoracic cavities.
  • Further research is needed to establish the efficacy of hypochlorous acid in infected surgical fields.