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Arterial Hypertension as a Risk Comorbidity Associated with COVID-19 Pathology

Alexander Kamyshnyi1, Inna Krynytska2, Victoriya Matskevych3

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine.

International Journal of Hypertension
|January 25, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Arterial hypertension (AH) is a common comorbidity in COVID-19 patients, potentially worsening outcomes. Further research is needed on mechanisms like ACE2 and immune response, and the role of AH-linked ACE2 gene polymorphisms.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents significant global health challenges.
  • Arterial hypertension (AH) is a prevalent comorbidity in COVID-19 patients, associated with poorer outcomes and increased ICU admission.
  • The precise mechanisms linking AH to adverse COVID-19 prognosis remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential mechanisms connecting arterial hypertension and COVID-19 severity.
  • To highlight the importance of blood pressure control and monitoring in hypertensive COVID-19 patients.
  • To investigate the role of ACE2 and immune dysregulation in the context of AH and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical data and existing literature on COVID-19 and arterial hypertension.
  • Analysis of the proposed roles of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in both AH pathophysiology and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Examination of immune system dysregulation, including cytokine storms and T helper cell imbalance, in relation to AH and COVID-19.

Main Results:

  • Arterial hypertension is a frequent comorbidity in COVID-19, linked to worse clinical outcomes.
  • Potential mechanisms include the involvement of the ACE2 pathway and immune system dysregulation (cytokine storm).
  • The specific impact of AH-linked ACE2 gene polymorphisms on SARS-CoV-2 infection risk and severity requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing blood pressure control is crucial for hypertensive patients during COVID-19 infection.
  • Close monitoring for cardiovascular and other complications is essential for this patient group.
  • Further research into the genetic and immunological links between AH and COVID-19 is warranted to improve patient management and outcomes.

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