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Cytomegalovirus-Associated Venous and Arterial Thrombotic Disease

Amar H Kelkar1, Brian L Loc2, Michael D Tarantino3

  • 1Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, USA.

Cureus
|January 25, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection significantly increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and acute coronary syndromes (ACS). This study found higher incidences of VTE and ACS in patients with active CMV infection compared to controls.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Thrombosis and Hemostasis

Background:

  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a known factor linked to cardiovascular events.
  • Previous associations between CMV and venous thromboembolism (VTE) and acute coronary syndromes (ACS) warrant further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of acute VTE and ACS within one year following CMV testing.
  • To evaluate CMV infection as a potential risk factor for VTE and ACS.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study analyzed patient data from the OSF HealthCare System.
  • Patients were categorized into three groups: CMV infection (positive IgM or PCR), seropositive control (positive IgG, negative IgM), and seronegative control (negative IgG and IgM, or negative PCR).
  • Incidence of VTE and ACS within one year of CMV testing was compared across groups, with adjustments for age and gender.

Main Results:

  • Patients with CMV infection showed a significantly higher incidence of VTE (10.0%) compared to seropositive (3.1%) and seronegative (3.0%) controls.
  • The incidence of ACS was also higher in the CMV infection group (7.7%) versus seropositive (4.7%) and seronegative (1.9%) controls.
  • Adjusted analyses confirmed that CMV infection was associated with increased odds of VTE and ACS.

Conclusions:

  • CMV infection is a significant risk factor for developing VTE.
  • CMV infection may also contribute to the occurrence of ACS.
  • Further research is recommended to elucidate the mechanisms linking CMV infection to thrombotic and cardiovascular events.
Abstract

Keywords:
acquired coagulation disordersacute coronary syndromesarterial thrombosiscmvcytomegalovirusthrombo embolic diseasevenous thromboembolismvenous thrombosisviral host interactionsviral infection

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