Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 20, 2025

Design and Construction of an Urban Runoff Research Facility
Published on: August 8, 2014
Variations of Concentration Characteristics of Rainfall Runoff Pollutants in Typical Urban Living Areas
Jie Xu1, Xiaodong Wu2,3, Xuguang Ge4,5
1Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment of Education Ministry, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Abstract:
Based on a typical residential area, this paper studies the characteristics of pollutant concentration changes in two rainfall runoffs and the first flush effect of rainfall. In rainfall runoff, the concentrations of seven pollutants (CODMn, TN, DTN, NH3-N, TP, DTP, and PO43-) increased during the initial rainfall period and decreased in the later period. Rainfall causes the erosion of pollutants on the underlying surface so that water pollution begins when rainfall runoff occurs, and the pollution level drops over time. The seven pollutants all experience this first flush effect, of which, rainfall has the strongest scouring effect on NH3-N produced by domestic sewage. The significant excess of pollutants in rainfall runoff should be considered by management departments. In addition, the existence of the first flush effect makes it possible in theory to partially intercept rainfall runoff to control water pollution, thereby reducing the cost of pollution control.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Types of Toxins
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Precipitation and Co-precipitation
Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control
The obtained precipitate should be either a pure substance of known composition or easily converted to one by a simple process, such as ignition or drying. In addition, the precipitate should be insoluble and easily filterable. In general, filterability...
Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution
Types of Coprecipitation
Sometimes, ions in a crystal lattice can undergo isomorphous replacement by inclusions of similar charge and size. For...
Factors Affecting Solubility

