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The Association Between Problem Gambling and Suicidal Ideations and Attempts: A Case Control Study in the General
Kristina Sundqvist1, Peter Wennberg2,3
1Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. kristina.sundqvist@su.se.
Journal of Gambling Studies
|January 25, 2021
Summary
Problem gambling is linked to suicidal thoughts in the general population. However, suicide attempts by problem gamblers often involve other factors like financial difficulties and drug abuse.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- The link between problem gambling and suicidal behaviors is known in treatment-seeking individuals.
- Less is understood about this association in sub-clinical problem gamblers within the general population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between problem gambling and suicidal ideation/attempts in the general Swedish population.
- To compare problem gamblers with and without suicidal ideation/attempts.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study was conducted within the Swedish National Longitudinal Alcohol and Drug Survey (Swelogs) cohort.
- Data were analyzed to compare frequencies of suicidal behaviors and associated factors between cases and controls.
Main Results:
- Suicidal ideation and attempts were approximately twice as common in cases compared to controls.
- After adjusting for socio-economic status and mental health issues, suicidal ideation remained significantly higher in cases, but attempts did not.
- Depression was a key differentiator for suicidal ideation, while payment defaults and illicit drug abuse were more prominent in suicide attempters.
Conclusions:
- Sub-clinical problem gambling may influence suicidal ideation.
- Suicide attempts among problem gamblers appear to require additional contributing factors, such as mental health issues and financial difficulties.
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