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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
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Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses

Published on: November 10, 2023

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Similarities and Dissimilarities of COVID-19 and Other Coronavirus Diseases

To Sing Fung1, Ding Xiang Liu1

  • 1Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control and Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;

Annual Review of Microbiology
|January 25, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Coronaviruses (CoVs) like SARS-CoV-2 constantly evolve, causing deadly zoonotic diseases. This review details CoV evolution, pathogenesis, and strategies for preventing and treating diseases like COVID-19.

Area of Science:

  • * Virology and Molecular Biology
  • * Infectious Diseases
  • * Public Health

Background:

  • * Three deadly zoonotic coronaviruses (CoVs) — SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 — have emerged in humans in under two decades.
  • * The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the continuous evolution and high pathogenicity of CoVs in humans.
  • * Understanding CoV molecular virology is crucial for managing emerging infectious diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To provide an overview of CoV diseases and molecular virology.
  • * To compare SARS-CoV-2 with other pathogenic and non-pathogenic CoVs.
  • * To discuss pathogenesis, host interactions, immune responses, and prevention/treatment strategies for CoV diseases.

Main Methods:

  • * Literature review of scientific publications on coronaviruses.
  • * Comparative analysis of molecular virology, pathogenesis, and host-virus interactions.
  • * Synthesis of current knowledge on prevention, treatment, antiviral, and vaccine development.

Main Results:

  • * Coronaviruses exhibit genetic malleability, enabling adaptation to humans and causing severe diseases.
  • * Pathogenesis and host immune responses vary among CoVs, influencing disease severity.
  • * Effective prevention and treatment strategies are essential for controlling CoV outbreaks.

Conclusions:

  • * Coronaviruses pose a significant and ongoing threat due to their evolutionary capacity.
  • * A comprehensive understanding of CoV biology is vital for developing effective countermeasures.
  • * Continued research into antivirals and vaccines is critical for future pandemic preparedness.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2coronavirus infectionsimmunopathogenesisinnate immune responsepreventiontreatment strategiesvirus-host interaction

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