Does the colors of light matter? Testing different light color in nocturnal underwater visual censuses

Most methods for assessing reef fish assemblages at night require artificial light, but the use of different colors of light may influence the results. We used data from 135 underwater visual censuses (UVCs) performed with different colors of light (red, blue and white) to evaluate the structure of fish assemblages on subtropical rocky reefs along three depth intervals. We did not detect any effect of the color of light on total density or fish species richness per transect, nor on the structure of the entire assemblage. However, the density of some of the most abundant species varied according to the color used. Red light showed the highest values of frequency of occurrence for most species, while the white light resulted in decreased abundance of some fish species. Our results emphasize the importance of choosing the color of light depending on the type of studies to be conducted. This will depend on the objectives of the research (e.g. inventory, behavior or community dynamics) and the target fish fauna (e.g. mobile or sedentary).