Pediatric biliary disorders: Multimodality imaging evaluation with clinicopathologic correlation

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Radiology
• Gastrointestinal Imaging
• Hepatobiliary Diseases

Background:

• Biliary tree pathologies in children present uniquely compared to adults, varying with age.
• Congenital anomalies arise from in utero factors, while acquired conditions affect older children.
• Effective management necessitates understanding age-specific presentations and imaging features.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the anatomy and embryology of the pediatric biliary system.
• To provide an overview of imaging modalities for pediatric biliary assessment.
• To discuss unique pediatric biliary pathologies, imaging findings, histopathology, and clinical management.

Main Methods:

• Review of pediatric biliary system anatomy and embryology.
• Overview of multimodality imaging techniques (e.g., ultrasound, MRI, CT).
• Discussion of pediatric-specific biliary pathologies with imaging and histopathologic correlation.

Main Results:

• Pediatric biliary pathologies exhibit age-dependent variations in presentation and consequences.
• Multimodality imaging is essential for accurate diagnosis and management planning.
• Understanding unique imaging features aids in differentiating pediatric biliary conditions.

Conclusions:

• Age-specific knowledge of pediatric biliary pathologies and their imaging characteristics is vital.
• Multimodality imaging assessment guides appropriate clinical management strategies.
• This review provides a comprehensive resource for clinicians managing pediatric biliary diseases.