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Autologous blood transfusion in a pediatric population. Safety and efficacy
1Children's Hospital Medical Center, Akron, OH 44308.
Insights
This study shows that using autologous blood collection before surgery and salvaging blood during operations is safe and effective for pediatric patients. Combining both methods significantly meets patients' blood needs, reducing reliance on donor blood.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Surgery
- Transfusion Medicine
- Anesthesiology
Background:
- Autologous blood transfusion reduces risks associated with allogeneic blood.
- Pediatric patients may benefit from tailored blood management strategies.
- Preoperative collection and intraoperative salvage are key components of autologous blood programs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combined autologous blood program.
- To assess the contribution of preoperative autologous blood collection and intraoperative blood salvage in pediatric patients.
- To determine the proportion of blood needs met by these autologous methods.
Main Methods:
- A 2-year prospective study involving 82 pediatric patients (≤16 years).
- Patients were divided into groups receiving preoperative autologous blood collection, intraoperative salvaged blood, or both.
- Adverse reactions and the percentage of blood needs met were recorded.
Main Results:
- Preoperative autologous blood collection had a 5% mild adverse reaction rate.
- Intraoperative salvaged blood met an average of 48% of blood needs when used alone.
- Preoperative autologous blood met an average of 74% of blood needs when used alone.
- The combination of both methods met 94% of blood needs, fulfilling all requirements in 77% of cases.
Conclusions:
- A combined autologous blood program is highly successful in pediatric patients.
- This approach significantly reduces the need for allogeneic blood transfusions.
- The program demonstrates safety and effectiveness in meeting pediatric patients' blood requirements.
Abstract:
A program for both preoperative collection and intraoperative salvage of autologous blood was established for a pediatric population. Eighty two patients, 16 years old or younger, participated during a 2-year period. Thirty four had blood collected preoperatively and 48 utilized salvaged blood only. Only 5 percent of preoperative donations were associated with any adverse reaction and all reactions were mild. Salvaged blood provided an average of 48 percent of all blood needs in those patients in whom it was used alone; in only 10 percent of cases did it provide for all of the patient's blood needs. Preoperatively collected blood met an average of 74 percent of blood needs when it was used alone; in half of the cases it was the only blood the patient required. The combination of preoperatively collected and intraoperative salvaged blood was highly successful, meeting an average of 94 percent of blood needs and supplying all blood needs in 77 percent of these patients.