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Simulation of Human-induced Vibrations Based on the Characterized In-field Pedestrian Behavior
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Development of the pedestrian anger expression inventory.

Saeed Esmaeli1, Kayvan Aghabayk1, Mohammad Abrari Vajari1

  • 1School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

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|January 26, 2021
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Summary

Researchers developed the Pedestrian Anger Expression Inventory (PAX) to measure how pedestrians express anger. Findings show anger expression varies, with age and gender influencing aggressive behavior.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Transportation Science

Background:

  • Pedestrian behavior research is extensive, but pedestrian anger expression remains understudied.
  • Understanding pedestrian anger is crucial due to their vulnerability and the risks associated with aggressive behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a tool measuring pedestrian anger expression: the Pedestrian Anger Expression Inventory (PAX).
  • To explore how general anger tendencies, age, and gender relate to pedestrian anger expression.

Main Methods:

  • A 37-item questionnaire was adapted from existing anger and behavior inventories.
  • Data were collected from 475 participants in Tehran using paper-and-pencil surveys.
  • Principal Component Analysis and hierarchical linear regression were employed for analysis.

Main Results:

  • A 30-item, 3-factor model emerged: Anger Expression-In, Anger Expression-Out, and Adaptive/Constructive Expression.
  • Trait anger significantly predicted pedestrian anger expression.
  • Age and gender were significant predictors: older pedestrians were less angry, and males were more aggressive.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully developed the PAX to measure three distinct pedestrian anger expression styles.
  • Trait anger, age, and gender influence how pedestrians express anger.
  • Further validation of the PAX across diverse populations is recommended.