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Updated: Nov 20, 2025

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Do Associations Between Vascular Risk and Mild Cognitive Impairment Vary by Race?

Lindsay J Rotblatt1, Adrienne T Aiken-Morgan2,3, Michael Marsiske1

  • 1Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.

Journal of Aging and Health
|January 26, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Vascular risk factors like high cholesterol and obesity are linked to a higher likelihood of nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment (naMCI) in Black older adults compared to white adults. Diabetes and hypertension also increased MCI odds across all participants.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Gerontology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) prevalence differs between Black and white older adults.
  • Vascular risk factors (VRFs) are associated with cognitive decline.
  • Understanding racial disparities in VRF impact on MCI subtypes is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if overall VRF burden and individual VRF associations with amnestic MCI (aMCI) and nonamnestic MCI (naMCI) differ by race (Black/white).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 2755 cognitively normal older adults from the ACTIVE study.
  • Classification of participants into cognitively normal, aMCI, or naMCI using comprehensive neuropsychological criteria.
  • Multinomial logistic regression to predict MCI subtypes based on VRF burden and race.

Main Results:

  • Higher overall VRF burden, high cholesterol, and obesity were associated with greater odds of naMCI in Black participants compared to white participants.
  • Diabetes was linked to increased odds of aMCI across all participants.
  • Hypertension was associated with increased odds of naMCI across all participants.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest potential influence of social determinants of health and systemic inequities on VRF associations with MCI subtypes in Black older adults.
  • Further research into the underlying mechanisms driving these racial disparities in cognitive impairment is warranted.
Keywords:
mild cognitive impairmentracial disparities in cognitionvascular risk factors

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