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Related Concept Videos

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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Investigating Brain Microstructural Alterations in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging: A

Abdulmajeed Alotaibi1,2, Christopher Tench1, Rebecca Stevenson1

  • 1Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.

Brain Sciences
|January 27, 2021
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Summary

Diabetes mellitus, both type 1 and type 2, impacts brain microstructure and cognitive function. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) reveals these microstructural changes, linking them to cognitive status in diabetic patients.

Keywords:
Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI)cognitive dysfunctiondiabetes mellitusdiffusion imagingmicrostructural abnormalitiestype 1 diabetestype 2 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Endocrinology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type 2) is linked to microvascular and macrovascular complications affecting brain structure and cognition.
  • Conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can detect brain volume reduction but lacks sensitivity for microstructural changes.
  • Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) offers a sensitive MRI technique to quantify brain microstructural abnormalities in diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review original research using DTI to quantify microstructural alterations in the brain associated with diabetes.
  • To explore the relationship between these DTI-derived microstructural changes, cognitive status, and metabolic profiles in individuals with diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of published studies employing DTI to investigate brain microstructure in diabetes.
  • Inclusion of thirty-eight studies examining the impact of diabetes mellitus on brain microstructure.
  • Analysis focused on DTI metrics quantifying microstructural integrity and their correlation with cognitive function and metabolic parameters.

Main Results:

  • Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus are associated with significant alterations in brain microstructure as detected by DTI.
  • These microstructural changes correlate with impaired cognitive functions in diabetic populations.
  • DTI provides sensitive quantification of brain abnormalities not detectable by conventional MRI.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetes mellitus significantly impacts brain microstructure, affecting cognitive abilities.
  • DTI is a valuable tool for assessing diabetes-related brain microstructural changes and their cognitive consequences.
  • Further research can elucidate the precise mechanisms linking metabolic profiles, microstructural alterations, and cognitive decline in diabetes.