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Temperature Dependent Deformation01:12

Temperature Dependent Deformation

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In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added...
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In analyzing a structural member composed of two different materials with identical cross-sectional areas, it is crucial to understand how their distinct elastic properties affect the member's response under load. The analysis involves assessing stress and strain distributions using the transformed section concept, which accounts for variations in material properties.
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Two-Stage Shape Memory Alloy Identification Based on the Hammerstein-Wiener Model.

Dorin Copaci1, Luis Moreno1, Dolores Blanco1

  • 1Department of Systems Engineering and Automation, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganes, Spain.

Frontiers in Robotics and AI
|January 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new Hammerstein-Wiener model for shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators, addressing challenges like hysteresis and non-linear behavior. The model accurately predicts SMA actuator performance, aiding control system development.

Keywords:
Hammerstein–Wieneractuatorcontrolmodelingshape memory alloy

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Control Systems

Background:

  • Shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators offer advantages like high force, light weight, biocompatibility, and low cost, making them suitable for robotics, medicine, and automation.
  • Controlling SMA actuators is challenging due to inherent hysteresis, slow response, and non-linear dynamics, hindering their integration into complex systems.
  • Accurate modeling is crucial for effective control design and simulation of SMA actuators in various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel model for shape memory alloy actuators based on the Hammerstein-Wiener model structure.
  • To accurately represent the two-stage operational process of SMA actuators: electrical to thermal energy conversion (Joule heating) and thermal to mechanical energy conversion.
  • To provide a reliable modeling tool for tuning control algorithms and simulating SMA actuator systems.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental data, including pulse-width modulation (PWM) input, temperature, and position signals, were collected for a specific SMA wire under controlled environmental conditions.
  • A two-stage Hammerstein-Wiener model was identified using the experimental data, capturing the distinct operational phases of the SMA actuator.
  • The overall model integrates the individual stage models to represent the complete input-output behavior of the SMA actuator, from PWM signal to positional output.

Main Results:

  • The developed Hammerstein-Wiener model demonstrated a high degree of similarity in response compared to the actual SMA actuator's behavior.
  • The model successfully captured the non-linear dynamics and hysteresis characteristic of SMA actuators.
  • The two-stage modeling approach effectively represented the energy conversion processes within the actuator.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed Hammerstein-Wiener model provides an accurate and effective representation of shape memory alloy actuator dynamics.
  • This model serves as a valuable tool for control algorithm development, system simulation, and virtual testing of SMA actuators.
  • The findings facilitate improved integration and performance of SMA actuators in advanced applications like robotics and medical devices.