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Updated: Nov 19, 2025

A Modified Mirror Test as a Visual Guide for the Self-awareness Trait in Wild Antarctica Penguins, Pygoscelis adeliae
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Developing Self-Awareness in Robots via Inner Speech.

Antonio Chella1,2, Arianna Pipitone1, Alain Morin3

  • 1RoboticsLab, Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy.

Frontiers in Robotics and AI
|January 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inner speech, crucial for self-awareness and regulation, is explored for robotic implementation. This study reviews psychological models and proposes a cognitive architecture for robots to develop self-aware behaviors.

Keywords:
cognitive cyclehuman-robot interactioninner speechrobotself-awareness

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Robotics
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Inner speech, a common human experience, plays vital roles in self-regulation and attention.
  • Current robotics research rarely addresses inner speech or self-aware behaviors.
  • Psychological models of inner speech offer a foundation for computational implementations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review psychological models of inner speech.
  • To propose a cognitive architecture for robots to simulate inner speech.
  • To explore self-aware behaviors in artificial systems.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of psychological theories on inner speech.
  • Conceptualization of a cognitive architecture for robotic inner speech.
  • Simplified setup for outlining the proposed architecture.

Main Results:

  • A comprehensive review of existing psychological models of inner speech.
  • An outlined cognitive architecture for implementing inner speech in robots.
  • Identification of potential for robots to exhibit self-aware behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • Inner speech models can inform robotic self-awareness.
  • The proposed architecture provides a framework for robotic introspection.
  • Robotic implementation of inner speech could enhance autonomous behavior.