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Public spaces and physical activity in adults: insights from a mixed-methods study
Ietza Bojorquez1, Maria de Lourdes Romo-Aguilar1, Lina Ojeda-Revah1
1El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Tijuana, México.
Cadernos De Saude Publica
|January 27, 2021
Summary
Public spaces did not increase physical activity in Mexican cities. However, improved walkability was linked to more activity, suggesting better public space design and maintenance are crucial for health benefits.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Urban Planning
- Environmental Psychology
Background:
- Public spaces are theorized to promote physical activity and health equity.
- Evidence is mixed, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
- This study investigates public space access, quality, and walkability in relation to physical activity in Mexico.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitatively assess the association between public space access and physical activity.
- To examine if public space quality, walkability, and social factors modify this association.
- To qualitatively explain the quantitative findings.
Main Methods:
- Mixed-methods approach using household surveys and qualitative interviews/observations in two Mexican cities.
- Physical activity measured via the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire.
- Access, walkability, and public space quality assessed using spatial buffers and specific indicators.
Main Results:
- No significant quantitative association was found between public space access and physical activity.
- Area-level walkability showed a positive association with physical activity.
- Qualitative data revealed public spaces were underutilized due to poor perceived quality (small, unequipped, unattractive, unsafe).
Conclusions:
- Public space access alone does not guarantee increased physical activity.
- Improving public space design, quality, and maintenance is essential to realize their health benefits.
- Area-level walkability is a key factor promoting physical activity in urban environments.
