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Asthma and COVID-19; different entities, same outcome: a meta-analysis of 107,983 patients

Mohammad H Hussein1, Rami M Elshazli2, Abdallah S Attia1

  • 1Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.

The Journal of Asthma : Official Journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma
|January 28, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This meta-analysis found that while asthma patients with COVID-19 were younger and more likely to be obese, they had a lower mortality rate. However, asthmatic patients faced an increased risk of endotracheal intubation, particularly those under 50.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care

Background:

  • Comorbid asthma prevalence and impact in COVID-19 patients show varied reports.
  • Understanding asthma's role in COVID-19 is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a meta-analysis comparing asthmatic and non-asthmatic COVID-19 patients.
  • To determine the clinical significance of preexisting asthma in COVID-19 outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus up to July 15, 2020.
  • Inclusion of eleven retrospective studies comprising 107,983 COVID-19 patients.
  • Subgroup analysis based on age groups.

Main Results:

  • Asthma prevalence was 11.2% in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • Asthmatic patients were younger and more likely to be obese.
  • No difference in hospitalization, ICU admission, or ARDS; however, increased intubation risk (especially <50 years).
  • Asthmatic patients showed better recovery and lower mortality rates.

Conclusions:

  • Preexisting asthma is a significant predictor of intubation in COVID-19, particularly in younger and obese individuals.
  • Identifying high-risk groups aids in developing effective intervention strategies and optimizing resource allocation.
Abstract

Keywords:
ARDSCOVID-19ICUSARS-CoV-2asthmaintubation

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