Homodyne-based quantum random number generator at 2.9 Gbps secure against quantum side-information

Area of Science:

• Quantum Information Science
• Quantum Optics
• Cryptography

Background:

• Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) offer enhanced unpredictability over classical methods.
• Homodyne measurements of vacuum states are a common QRNG approach.
• Existing security proofs often overlook quantum side-information and practical imperfections.

Purpose of the Study:

• To experimentally implement a QRNG based on vacuum state homodyne measurements.
• To develop a security proof that incorporates quantum side-information.
• To analyze and bound the min-entropy of the generated random numbers considering real-world imperfections.

Main Methods:

• Experimental implementation of a QRNG using homodyne detection of the vacuum state.
• Derivation of a security proof considering quantum side-information.
• Characterization of the system's stochastic model and min-entropy.
• Inclusion of noise process assumptions (Gaussianity, stationarity) and practical limitations (finite bandwidth, ADC imperfections).

Main Results:

• Demonstration of a trusted, device-dependent QRNG.
• Achieved a real-time random number generation rate of 2.9 Gbit/s.
• Provided a security analysis that accounts for quantum side-information and practical device imperfections.

Conclusions:

• The developed QRNG offers enhanced security by treating side-information quantum mechanically.
• The security analysis is more comprehensive by including realistic noise models and imperfections.
• This work advances the practical implementation and security understanding of quantum random number generation.