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Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is commonly administered via intermittent intravenous infusion to treat severe infections. An intermittent one-hour infusion of gentamicin, administered at eight-hour intervals, allows for precise control of plasma drug concentrations, minimizing toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy. Pharmacokinetic principles govern the dynamics of plasma concentrations and can be mathematically described using specific equations.The plasma drug concentration...
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Amoxicillin Utilization Pattern at Governmental Hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia.

Tigist Gashaw1, Mekonnen Sisay1, Tewodros Tesfa2

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.

Infection and Drug Resistance
|January 28, 2021
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Amoxicillin use in Ethiopian hospitals was inappropriate in most cases, primarily due to incorrect indications. This study highlights the need for better adherence to standard treatment guidelines to combat antibiotic resistance.

Keywords:
amoxicillinantibioticsappropriatenessresistanceutilization

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Amoxicillin is a widely used penicillin-category antibiotic.
  • Current amoxicillin use often deviates from established standard treatment guidelines (STGs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate amoxicillin utilization patterns against Ethiopian STGs.
  • The study focused on four governmental hospitals in Harar town, Ethiopia, during 2016.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective, hospital-based, cross-sectional study design was used.
  • 502 patient medication records were analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS version 21.

Main Results:

  • Amoxicillin was prescribed across all age groups, with 96.2% of patients in outpatient departments.
  • Appropriate utilization was observed in only 23.9% of cases, with incorrect indication being the primary issue (65.4%).
  • Microbiological cultures were not performed, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were frequently co-administered.

Conclusions:

  • Amoxicillin utilization was appropriate in less than a quarter of patients.
  • Incorrect indications for amoxicillin use are a significant problem, potentially contributing to antibiotic resistance.
  • Further research into misuse factors and antimicrobial susceptibility testing is recommended.