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Quarantine and Appendicitis: A Macro-Area Experience

Zampieri Nicola1, Murri Virginia2, Cinquetti Mauro2

  • 1Department of Surgery, Woman and Child Hospital, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynecology; Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
|January 28, 2021
PubMed

Insights

During the COVID-19 pandemic quarantine, pediatric appendicitis initially decreased but then increased, with more severe cases observed. This highlights the impact of lockdown measures on childhood appendicitis incidence and severity.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology

Background:

  • Appendicitis is a common surgical emergency in children.
  • The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic led to unprecedented public health interventions, including lockdowns.
  • Understanding the pandemic's impact on non-COVID-19 related pediatric conditions is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between COVID-19 pandemic quarantine measures and the incidence of pediatric appendicitis.
  • To analyze trends in pediatric appendicitis during different phases of the quarantine period.
  • To evaluate changes in appendicitis severity during the quarantine.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of medical records for pediatric patients undergoing surgery for acute appendicitis.
  • Inclusion of patients from March-April 2014 and March-April 2020 for comparison.
  • Division of the 2020 quarantine period into two phases for detailed analysis of appendicitis trends and severity.

Main Results:

  • A total of 155 pediatric patients were included in the study.
  • A decrease in appendicitis incidence was observed during the initial phase of quarantine (Phase 1).
  • A progressive increase in appendicitis incidence was noted during the later phase of quarantine (Phase 2), with a statistically significant rise in severity (gangrenous vs. phlegmonous appendicitis) compared to previous years.

Conclusions:

  • The study observed a reduction in pediatric appendicitis during the initial quarantine period, followed by an increase in Phase 2.
  • Appendicitis severity increased during the quarantine period.
  • These findings provide new insights into disease incidence patterns during public health lockdowns.
Abstract

Keywords:
AppendicitisPandemicTreatment

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