Dutch Translation and Validation of the FACE-Q Rhinoplasty Module

FACE-Q was developed by Klassen et al in 2010 as a validated psychometric evaluation instrument for patients undergoing aesthetic surgery. The aim of this study was to translate, adapt, and validate the FACE-Q rhinoplasty module into a Dutch version of the FACE-Q questionnaire conceptually equivalent to the original English version. "Satisfaction with nose" and "satisfaction with nostrils" questionnaires were used and translated from English into Dutch. The translation process and cross-cultural adaptation were conducted in accordance to the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research and World Health Organization guidelines. Psychometric validation was performed prospectively on a patient cohort of 30 patients. Each step in the translation process allowed us to make changes to achieve a conceptual translation equivalent to the original version. Psychometric validation revealed highly significant values for internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and responsiveness. The use of international translation guidelines, with a strict translation-back-translation process, led to a Dutch version of the FACE-Q rhinoplasty module. Statistical validation proved the conceptual correspondence with the original English version. The FACE-Q rhinoplasty module is an adequate instrument for determining successful aesthetic surgery based on patient satisfaction. This tool measures twofold: the degree of success with respect to the patient as well as being an assessment tool for the surgeon. We hope this will provide an additional tool to the clinician evaluating the Dutch-speaking rhinoplasty patient.