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Related Concept Videos

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Related Experiment Video

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Stem Cell Treatment for Ischemic Stroke Recovery.

Douglas Kondziolka1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York University, New York, NY.

Seminars in Neurology
|January 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Cellular transplantation shows promise for stroke recovery. Studies in animal models and human clinical trials demonstrate that neuronal cell injections can improve motor function and learning behaviors after stroke.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Clinical Neurology

Background:

  • Cellular transplantation has been investigated for over 20 years to enhance functional recovery post-stroke.
  • Early preclinical research utilized teratocarcinoma-derived neuronal cells, showing efficacy in animal stroke models.
  • Subsequent studies explored other cell sources like bone marrow neuroprogenitors and fetal cortical stem cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review biological repair strategies using cell implants for stroke.
  • To discuss clinical trial designs and surgical techniques for cell transplantation.
  • To summarize the current research landscape in cellular therapy for stroke.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical studies in animal stroke models.

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  • Analysis of clinical trial data for cellular transplantation in stroke patients.
  • Examination of various cell types, including teratocarcinoma-derived cells, bone marrow neuroprogenitors, and fetal cortical stem cells.

    • Main Results:

    • Preclinical studies demonstrated that neuronal cell transplantation restored learning behavior and motor function in animal stroke models.
    • Various cell types have shown promise in preclinical settings and have been advanced to clinical studies.
    • The report synthesizes findings across different cell sources and therapeutic approaches.

    Conclusions:

    • Cellular transplantation is a developing therapeutic strategy for stroke recovery.
    • Continued research and refined clinical trial designs are crucial for optimizing cell-based therapies.
    • The field is advancing, with ongoing evaluation of safety and efficacy in human stroke treatment.