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Cardiac manifestation of corona virus disease 2019: a preliminary report
G T Lasisi1, A O Duro-Emanuel1, T E Akintomide2
1Department of Medicine, General Hospital Ifako-Ijaiye, Lagos, Nigeria.
Insights
This study highlights common cardiac complications in Nigerian COVID-19 patients, with heart failure being the most frequent. Many patients had underlying conditions like hypertension and diabetes, alongside elevated inflammatory markers.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a multi-systemic illness.
- Cardiac complications are a significant manifestation of COVID-19.
- This study focuses on preliminary findings from Lagos, Nigeria.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe cardiac manifestations in COVID-19 patients managed in Lagos, Nigeria.
- To investigate the prevalence of cardiac complications in this patient cohort.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of ten COVID-19 patients.
- Patients diagnosed via RT-PCR or serology.
- Cardiac manifestations were assessed in patients admitted to three centers.
Main Results:
- Mean age was 52.5 years; 60% were female.
- High prevalence of comorbidities: hypertension (70%), diabetes (50%), obesity (60%).
- Commonest cardiac manifestation was heart failure (six de novo, one decompensated); others included myocarditis, pulmonary embolism, and stress cardiomyopathy.
Conclusions:
- Comorbidities are frequent in COVID-19 patients with cardiac complications.
- A wide spectrum of cardiac issues can occur, with heart failure being the most prevalent.
- Findings underscore the importance of monitoring cardiac health in COVID-19 patients, especially those with pre-existing conditions.
Background:
Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a multi-systemic illness that can present with cardiac complications. This report describes the preliminary findings of cardiac manifestations seen in patients managed in three centres in Lagos, Nigeria.
Methods:
Ten patients, part of an ongoing study of patients admitted in three centres in Lagos, Nigeria, with COVID-19 diagnosed with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or serology were retrospectively studied for cardiac manifestations.
Results:
The mean (SD) age was 52.5 ± 18.79 years (with a minimum of 17 years and maximum of 79 years). Six patients were female and four were male. Hypertension was seen in 70%, diabetes in 50% and obesity in 60% of patients. All had elevated inflammatory markers. Only four patients had bilateral pneumonia. The rest had only cardiac manifestations. Six patients presented with de novo heart failure and one had decompensated heart failure. A set of three patients had individually fulminant myocarditis, probable pulmonary embolism and stress cardiomyopathy, respectively.
Conclusions:
This study shows that co-morbidities are common in patients with COVID-19 and cardiac complications. The array of cardiac complications is large, with the commonest being heart failure.
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