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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 19, 2025

A Cognitive Fusion-guided Prostate Biopsy Using Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Transrectal Ultrasound
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Measuring inter-individual differences in stress sensitivity during MR-guided prostate biopsy.

Nils Kohn1, Jan Heidkamp2, Guillén Fernández3

  • 1Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. nils.kohn@gmx.net.

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Summary

MRI-guided prostate biopsies can cause significant distress. This study found that maladaptive coping, depression, and brain connectivity influenced stress responses during the procedure.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Invasive medical procedures, especially those involving cancer suspicion like prostate biopsy, can induce significant patient distress.
  • Understanding the acute stress response and its underlying mechanisms is crucial for improving patient care during such interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of MRI-guided prostate biopsy on acute stress response in patients.
  • To explore the mechanistic basis of stress during MRI-guided prostate biopsy, including physiological, hormonal, and neural factors.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 20 men with suspected prostate cancer.
  • Conducted functional MRI (fMRI) before the procedure to assess resting-state brain connectivity.
  • Measured physiological and hormonal stress markers during the biopsy, alongside questionnaires and hair cortisol levels.

Main Results:

  • Patients reported stress-related affective changes, with decreased positive affect linked to higher hair cortisol.
  • Maladaptive emotion regulation, depression, and increased salience network connectivity correlated with greater negative affect and/or decreased positive affect.
  • The study demonstrated the feasibility of using real-life stressors and brain network measures in stress research.

Conclusions:

  • MRI-guided prostate biopsy induces acute stress, influenced by psychological and neural factors.
  • Hair cortisol, maladaptive coping, depression, and salience network connectivity are potential mechanistic factors in stress response.
  • This proof-of-concept study highlights the value of integrating neuroimaging and physiological measures in clinical stress research.