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Related Concept Videos

Magnetic Force01:18

Magnetic Force

1.5K
In addition to the electric forces between electric charges, moving electric charges exert magnetic forces on each other. A magnetic field is created by a moving charge or a group of moving charges known as the electric current. A magnetic force is experienced by a second current or moving charge in response to this magnetic field. Fundamentally, interactions between moving electrons in the atoms of two bodies produce magnetic forces between them.
The magnetic force acting on a moving charge...
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Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field01:13

Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field

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The most common application of magnetic force on current-carrying wires is in electric motors. These consist of loops of wire, which are placed between the magnets with a magnetic field. When current flows through the loops, the magnetic field applies torque, which causes the shaft to rotate, thus converting electrical energy to mechanical energy.
Consider a rectangular current-carrying loop containing N turns of wire, placed in a uniform magnetic field. The net force on a current-carrying loop...
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Magnetic Force On Current-Carrying Wires: Example01:22

Magnetic Force On Current-Carrying Wires: Example

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In a magnetic field, moving charges encounter a force. If a wire contains these moving charges, i.e., if the wire is carrying a current, then a force acts on the wire as well. Consider a pair of flexible leads holding a wire that is 40 cm long and 10 g in weight in a horizontal position. The wire is placed in a constant magnetic field of 0.40 T, as shown in Figure 1(a). Determine the magnitude and direction of the current flowing in the wire needed to remove the tension in the supporting leads.
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Force On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field01:17

Force On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field

3.7K
Magnetic forces on wires carrying current are most frequently applied in motors. A DC motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical work. In motors, wire loops are enclosed in a magnetic field. When current flows through the loops, the magnetic field applies torque, which causes the shaft to rotate. The direction of the current is reversed once the loop's surface area is lined up with the magnetic field, causing a constant torque on the loop. During the process, commutators...
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Torque Free Motion01:15

Torque Free Motion

653
The torque-free motion refers to the movement of a rigid body in space when no external torques are acting upon it. This type of motion can be observed in environments where there are no external forces or frictions, like in outer space. For example, a rotation of Mars in space is a torque-free motion. Mars is an axisymmetric object, meaning it has an axis of symmetry along which it rotates, designated as the z-axis. The rotating frame of reference is defined such that the center of mass of...
653
Electro-mechanical Systems01:19

Electro-mechanical Systems

1.4K
Electromechanical systems are intricate configurations that effectively combine electrical and mechanical elements to achieve a desired outcome. Central to many of these systems is the DC motor, a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical motion, enabling various applications ranging from simple fans to complex robotic mechanisms.
A key component of the DC motor is the armature, a rotating circuit positioned within a magnetic field. As an electric current passes through the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 19, 2025

Use of a Foot-Induced Digitally Controlled Resistance Device for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation in Patients with Foot Paresis
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Use of a Foot-Induced Digitally Controlled Resistance Device for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation in Patients with Foot Paresis

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Compatible Optically Powered Miniature Wireless Modular Lorentz Force Actuators.

Senol Mutlu1,2, Oncay Yasa1, Onder Erin1,3

  • 1Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems Stuttgart 70569 Germany.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|January 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a miniature, wireless actuator for MRI-guided procedures. The optically powered device overcomes MRI compatibility challenges, enabling precise positioning of medical tools during interventions.

Keywords:
Lorentz force actuatorMRI‐compatiblemagnetic resonance imagingoptical actuationwireless actuation

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Devices
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Background:

  • Minimally invasive procedures guided by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) show great clinical potential.
  • Realizing this potential is hindered by MRI compatibility issues and the miniaturization of active positioning systems, including ferromagnetic material restrictions, long conductive cables, and limited space.
  • Lorentz force-based electromagnetic actuators offer a solution by leveraging the high magnetic fields within MRI scanners.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a miniature, MRI-compatible, and wirelessly powered Lorentz force actuator module.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of using such modules for active structures in interventional MRI applications.
  • To enable precise positioning of medical tools like needles and markers within the MRI environment.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a miniature actuator module (2.5 × 2.5 × 3.0 mm³) incorporating a solar cell and a coil.
  • Optical powering of the wireless actuator module to avoid conductive cables.
  • Testing of prototype actuators within a 7 Tesla preclinical MRI scanner.

Main Results:

  • A single actuator module successfully bent a flexible beam.
  • Four modules demonstrated controlled rotation around an axis.
  • Six modules were configured to roll as a sphere.
  • All prototypes operated wirelessly and MRI-compatibly.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed optically powered wireless Lorentz force actuator module is a viable solution for MRI-guided interventions.
  • Multiple modules can form active structures for precise tool positioning within MRI scanners.
  • This technology advances the development of future interventional MRI applications.