Inter-fastigial projections along the roof of the fourth ventricle

The fastigial nucleus (FN) is a bilateral cerebellar integrative center for saccadic and vestibular control associated with non-motor functions such as feeding and cardiovascular regulation. In a previous study, we identified a tract of myelinated axons embedded in the subventricular zone (SVZ) that is located between the ependymal cells that form the dorsal wall of the ventricle and the glia limitans at the roof of the fourth ventricle González-González (Sci Rep 2017, 7:40768). Here, we show that this tract of axons, named subventricular axons or SVa, contains projection neurons that bilaterally interconnect both FNs. The approach consisted of the use of a battery of fluorescent neuronal tracers, transgenic mouse lines, and immunohistofluorescence. Our observations show that the SVa belong to a wide network of GABAergic projection neurons mainly located in the medial and caudal region of the FN. The SVa should be considered a part of a continuum of the cerebellar white matter that follows an alternative pathway through the SVZ, a region closely associated with the physiology of the fourth ventricle. This finding adds to our understanding of the complex organization of the FN; however, the function of the interconnection remains to be elucidated.