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Related Concept Videos

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Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
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A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
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Information Processing Approach

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 19, 2025

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
05:32

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Executive Function in Autism: Association with ADHD and ASD Symptoms.

Rachel R Lee1, Anthony R Ward1, David M Lane2

  • 1McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|January 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Executive functioning deficits in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are linked to attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, not ASD severity. Specific executive functions like shifting and emotional control were less affected.

Keywords:
ASD+ADHDAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderAutism spectrum disorderExecutive functioningParent ratingsTeacher ratings

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Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently co-occur.
  • Executive functioning (EF) deficits are common in both ASD and ADHD populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between ASD and ADHD symptom severity and executive functioning deficits in children diagnosed with ASD.
  • To determine if EF deficits in children with ASD are associated with ASD severity, ADHD severity, or both.

Main Methods:

  • The study included 64 children diagnosed with ASD (mean age 9.26 years).
  • Parent and teacher ratings of executive functioning were collected in home and classroom settings.
  • ADHD and ASD symptoms were assessed in relation to executive functioning measures.

Main Results:

  • Executive functioning deficits, excluding Shift and Emotional Control, were significantly associated with ADHD symptom severity.
  • No significant relationship was found between executive functioning deficits and ASD severity.
  • Specific domains of executive functioning, namely Shift and Emotional Control, appeared relatively unaffected.

Conclusions:

  • Executive functioning impairments in children with ASD are primarily associated with comorbid ADHD symptoms.
  • The findings suggest that interventions targeting ADHD symptoms may improve executive functioning in children with ASD.