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No long-term store marketing changes following sugar-sweetened beverage tax implementation: Oakland, California
Shannon N Zenk1, Yu Li2, Julien Leider3
1National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 31, Room 5B05, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Abstract:
Globally, more than 45 countries have implemented sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes; however, little is known about effects on marketing practices. For the 2017 Oakland, California, 1 cent per ounce SSB tax, this study evaluated long-term changes in beverage price promotions, depth of sale, and interior and exterior advertising at stores, collected via in-person audits at two time points (pre-tax and 24-months post-tax). Overall, based on difference-in-differences estimation, relative to the comparison site, no significant pre-post tax changes were found in the odds of price promotions, exterior or interior advertising, or sale depth for SSBs or untaxed beverages. As additional SSB taxes are considered these findings suggest that SSB taxes may not have long-term effects on store marketing practices.
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