Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 19, 2025

Three-Dimensional 3D Tumor Spheroid Invasion Assay
Published on: May 1, 2015
Prognostic Influence of Cytoplasmic/Nuclear Hepatoma-derived Growth Factor in Head and Neck Cancer
Huai-Pao Lee1,2, Kuo-Wang Tsai3, Ching-Chih Lee4,5,6,7,8
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Background/Aim:
We investigated the prognostic influence of both hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) and p53 expression in head and neck cancer.
Materials And Methods:
HDGF and p53 immunostaining was scored based on staining intensities and percentage of tumor cells stained using tissue microarray composed of total 102 head and neck cancer samples.
Results:
Over-expression of HDGF and p53 was observed in cancer compared with adjacent normal tissues (p<0.001). In multivariate analyses, tumors with higher nuclear and cytoplasmic HDGF staining scores (p=0.019), and tumors with cN1-cN2 (compared with cN0) (p=0.014), were associated with worse overall survival.
Conclusion:
The increased expression of HDGF and p53 in the tumor compared with adjacent normal tissues could be a risk factor for tumorigenesis. Increased nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of HDGF, and cN staging correlated with overall survival and negatively influenced prognosis in head and neck cancer.
Related Concept Videos
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle
Tumor Progression
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
The mTOR pathway or the...

