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Sigmoid Colon Tuberculosis Revealed by a Perforation and Peritonitis
Hassane Ait Ali1, Brahim Zeriouh2, Rachid Jabi3
1General Surgery, Mohammed VI University Hospital Center, Oujda, MAR.
Cureus
|February 1, 2021
Summary
Colon tuberculosis is rare, especially in immunocompetent individuals. This case highlights sigmoid colon tuberculosis presenting as perforation peritonitis, emphasizing the need for clinical awareness due to rising tuberculosis incidence.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Infectious Diseases
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Intestinal tuberculosis is common in developing nations, but colon involvement is infrequent.
- Colon tuberculosis typically affects immunosuppressed individuals.
- Sigmoid perforation is usually caused by diverticulitis or cancer.
Observation:
- A 71-year-old immunocompetent male presented with acute abdomen and peritonitis.
- CT scan suggested sigmoid perforation due to cancer.
- Surgical exploration revealed sigmoid perforation, with pathology confirming tuberculosis.
Findings:
- Histopathology confirmed sigmoid colon tuberculosis as the cause of perforation and peritonitis.
- The patient, initially suspected of having cancer, received six months of anti-tuberculosis treatment.
- Post-treatment colonoscopy was normal, and intestinal continuity was restored.
Implications:
- This case underscores the rarity of sigmoid colon tuberculosis, particularly in immunocompetent patients.
- It highlights the importance of considering tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of sigmoid perforation, even without typical risk factors.
- Increased global tuberculosis incidence necessitates heightened awareness among medical professionals for this unusual presentation.
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