Effective immune-inflammation index for ulcerative colitis and activity assessments

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Immunology
• Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

• The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is recognized for its association with overall survival in various tumors.
• Assessing disease activity in ulcerative colitis (UC) often relies on clinical and endoscopic evaluations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the utility of hematological indices, including SII, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), in evaluating ulcerative colitis activity.
• To determine the diagnostic and prognostic value of these markers in UC patients.

Main Methods:

• A case-control study involving 172 UC patients and healthy controls.
• Comparison of white blood cells, hemoglobin, platelets, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, SII, NLR, and PLR between groups.
• Spearman correlation analyses to assess relationships with inflammation markers.
• Receiver operator curve (ROC) and logistic regression analyses to evaluate diagnostic efficiency.

Main Results:

• UC patients exhibited significantly higher SII, NLR, and PLR compared to controls (P < 0.001).
• These indices positively correlated with UC severity scores (Mayo, DUBLIN, UCEIS).
• NLR cutoff of 562.22 predicted UC with 79.65% sensitivity and 76.16% specificity.
• Elevated SII and NLR were associated with a higher risk of UC and severe disease (DUBLIN ≥ 3, UCEIS ≥ 5).

Conclusions:

• The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) demonstrates value in confirming UC diagnosis.
• SII and NLR are effective in assessing ulcerative colitis activity and severity.
• Hematological indices offer a potential non-invasive approach for UC management.