Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 19, 2025

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis
07:42

A Data-Driven Approach to Quantifying Immune States in Sepsis

Published on: February 7, 2025

383

A distinct innate immune signature marks progression from mild to severe COVID-19

Stéphane Chevrier1,2, Yves Zurbuchen3, Carlo Cervia3

  • 1Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Cell Reports. Medicine
|February 1, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Severe COVID-19 involves a sustained innate immune response with specific monocyte and cytokine signatures. Mild cases show a normalizing immune response, unlike severe disease progression.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Understanding the immune response in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is crucial for distinguishing mild from severe cases.
  • The specific immune signatures differentiating disease severity remain incompletely characterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To profile the innate immune response in mild and severe COVID-19 patients.
  • To elucidate the dynamic changes in immune cell populations and cytokine profiles during disease progression.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized mass cytometry and targeted proteomics to analyze immune cells and proteins.
  • Reconstructed pseudo-temporal trajectories of the innate immune response based on longitudinal sampling.

Main Results:

  • Identified a rapid surge of CD169-positive monocytes with an Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-2 (MCP-2) signature post-symptom onset.
  • Observed a persistent inflammatory phenotype in severe COVID-19, characterized by high CCL3 and CCL4 levels and CD16-positive monocyte reappearance.
  • Noted that immune responses in mild COVID-19 patients normalized over time.

Conclusions:

  • Sustained innate immune responses are a potential mechanism driving severe COVID-19.
  • These findings support the development of targeted interventions for severe cases.
  • The study provides insights into the dynamic inflammatory processes in COVID-19.

Keywords:
CCL3CD169COVID-19MIP1αSARS-CoV-2emergency granulopoiesisinflammationinnate immune responsemass cytometrymonocytesproteomicssialoadhesin

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Role of Inflammation in the Co-occurrence of Primary Sjogren's Syndrome and Lung Adenocarcinoma10:21

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Role of Inflammation in the Co-occurrence of Primary Sjogren's Syndrome and Lung Adenocarcinoma

Published on: September 20, 2024

627
Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels05:31

Noninvasive Sampling of Mucosal Lining Fluid for the Quantification of In Vivo Upper Airway Immune-mediator Levels

Published on: August 7, 2017

10.7K

Related Concept Videos

Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
62.7K
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
1.2K
COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
1.6K
Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
1.8K
Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
6.9K
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
102