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Getting the message right on nature-based solutions to climate change.

Nathalie Seddon1, Alison Smith1,2, Pete Smith3

  • 1Nature-based Solutions Initiative, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

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|February 1, 2021
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Summary

Nature-based solutions (NbS) offer integrated approaches to climate change and biodiversity loss. However, focusing solely on tree planting risks distracting from fossil fuel phase-out and protecting existing ecosystems.

Keywords:
biodiversityclimate change adaptationclimate change mitigationpolicysustainable development

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Conservation Biology
  • Climate Change Mitigation

Background:

  • Nature-based solutions (NbS) are gaining traction for addressing climate change and biodiversity loss.
  • Current focus on tree planting for carbon sequestration raises concerns about neglecting fossil fuel phase-out and intact ecosystem protection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the promise and pitfalls of the NbS framing.
  • To provide recommendations for effective and equitable NbS implementation.
  • To ensure NbS deliver genuine, sustainable benefits for both people and nature.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current NbS discourse.
  • Analysis of political traction and associated concerns.
  • Development of guiding principles for NbS implementation.

Main Results:

  • NbS framing, while promising, faces risks of oversimplification and misapplication.
  • Overemphasis on forestry can harm biodiverse ecosystems and community rights.
  • NbS must be integrated with fossil fuel reduction and consider diverse ecosystems.

Conclusions:

  • NbS require careful consideration of synergies and trade-offs.
  • Four guiding principles are proposed: no substitute for fossil fuel phase-out, encompass diverse ecosystems, ensure community engagement, and prioritize biodiversity benefits.
  • Adhering to these principles is crucial for robust NbS that benefit nature and society.