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Updated: Nov 19, 2025

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Evolutionary rescue via transgenerational plasticity: Evidence and implications for conservation.

Emily A Harmon1, David W Pfennig1

  • 1Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.

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|February 1, 2021
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Transgenerational plasticity, where environmentally induced traits are passed to offspring, can help populations persist by buying time for evolutionary rescue. This process offers a potential solution to rapid environmental change threatening species survival.

Keywords:
conservationevolutionary rescueplastic rescuetransgenerational plasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Ecology
  • Conservation biology

Background:

  • Rapid environmental change poses a significant threat to populations, potentially leading to extinction.
  • Evolution by natural selection (evolutionary rescue) may not occur fast enough to counteract rapid environmental shifts.
  • Phenotypic plasticity can buffer populations against environmental change, providing a time window for evolutionary rescue.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the role of transgenerational plasticity in population persistence and evolutionary rescue.
  • To review theoretical and empirical evidence on the effectiveness of transgenerational plasticity in mitigating extinction risk.
  • To discuss the implications and applications of transgenerational plasticity for conservation biology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of theoretical models and empirical studies on transgenerational plasticity.
  • Analysis of how environmentally induced responses passed to offspring influence population dynamics.
  • Examination of the conditions under which transgenerational plasticity enhances population persistence.

Main Results:

  • Theoretical and empirical evidence suggests transgenerational plasticity can increase population persistence.
  • Transgenerational plasticity can effectively buffer populations against environmental change, facilitating evolutionary rescue.
  • The process appears to be a viable mechanism for buying time for populations facing rapid environmental shifts.

Conclusions:

  • Transgenerational plasticity is a crucial factor in population persistence under environmental stress.
  • This mechanism can complement evolutionary rescue by providing an adaptive buffer.
  • Understanding and applying transgenerational plasticity is vital for effective conservation strategies in a changing world.