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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
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A Suppressor Screen for the Characterization of Genetic Links Regulating Chronological Lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Developments in molecular epidemiology of aging.

Sara Hägg1, Daniel W Belsky2, Alan A Cohen3

  • 1Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Emerging Topics in Life Sciences
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Molecular epidemiology uses molecular methods to study aging in human populations. This review highlights advancements, opportunities, and challenges in understanding aging processes and their genetic links.

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agingbiomarkersmethodsmolecular epidemiology

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular epidemiology
  • Gerontology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Aging is a complex process occurring at multiple biological levels.
  • Molecular changes are increasingly recognized as drivers of age-related decline in function and lifespan.
  • Molecular epidemiology applies molecular techniques to quantify aging in human populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the molecular epidemiology of aging research field.
  • To highlight recent advancements, emerging opportunities, and persistent challenges.
  • To discuss key metrics and future directions in aging research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature in molecular epidemiology of aging.
  • Focus on established and novel molecular markers of aging.
  • Analysis of trends in data analysis, collaboration, and data sharing.

Main Results:

  • Significant growth in publications and research activity over the past decade.
  • Key metrics include telomere length, composite biomarker scores, and omics clocks.
  • Emerging trends involve big data, hypothesis-free analysis, interdisciplinary collaboration, and open data sharing.

Conclusions:

  • The field is rapidly advancing with new data and analytical approaches.
  • Challenges include the lack of a gold standard for aging measures and inconsistent methodologies.
  • Increased longitudinal data collection is crucial for tracking aging processes over time.