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Geospatial distributions reflect temperatures of linguistic features.

Henri Kauhanen1, Deepthi Gopal2, Tobias Galla3,4

  • 1Zukunftskolleg, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany. henri.kauhanen@uni-konstanz.de.

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Summary

Quantifying language evolution is difficult due to limited historical data. This study introduces a new method using geospatial data to measure linguistic change, revealing a "linguistic temperature" for features.

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Area of Science:

  • Computational Linguistics
  • Historical Linguistics
  • Geolinguistics

Background:

  • Quantifying the speed of linguistic change is challenging due to sparse historical documentation.
  • Traditional methods often rely on phylogenetic reconstruction, which can be limited.
  • Understanding language evolution requires new analytical approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a model-based approach for quantifying linguistic change.
  • To introduce the concept of "linguistic temperature" as a measure of feature change propensity.
  • To infer historical language evolution from present-day geospatial distributions.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling language change as a stochastic process involving vertical descent, spatial interactions, and mutations.
  • Analyzing present-day geospatial distributions of linguistic features.
  • Developing a method to infer "linguistic temperature" without phylogenetic data.

Main Results:

  • A novel method for quantifying linguistic change was developed.
  • The concept of "linguistic temperature" was introduced and defined.
  • Geospatial distributions were shown to contain measurable signatures of historical language evolution.

Conclusions:

  • Language evolution leaves a detectable geospatial signature.
  • Inferences about historical language dynamics can be made from current spatial data.
  • This approach offers a new way to study language change without extensive longitudinal data.