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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used....
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

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Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle01:19

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Principle

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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the most widely used plasma source in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), also known as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The ICP source, or torch, consists of three concentric quartz tubes with argon gas flowing through them. A spark from a Tesla coil initiates the ionization of argon, generating a high-temperature plasma.
The ions and electrons produced interact with the fluctuating magnetic field created by a water-cooled...
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Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview01:19

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In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then...
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Quantitative Analysis of Vacuum Induction Melting by Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
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Integrated quantitative PIXE analysis and EDX spectroscopy using a laser-driven particle source.

F Mirani1, A Maffini2, F Casamichiela2

  • 1Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, I-20133 Milan, Italy. francesco.mirani@polimi.it matteo.passoni@polimi.it.

Science Advances
|February 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces quantitative laser-driven particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Laser-driven sources offer a compact, portable method for elemental materials analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Atomic and Molecular Physics

Background:

  • Particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy are established elemental characterization methods.
  • Traditional PIXE and EDX often rely on large, non-portable accelerator systems.
  • Laser-driven particle sources offer potential for compact and portable analytical instrumentation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To perform the first quantitative investigation of laser-driven PIXE and laser-driven EDX.
  • To assess the feasibility of using laser-generated protons and electrons for elemental analysis.
  • To demonstrate the potential for developing compact, multifunctional elemental analysis apparatus.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental investigation at the Centro de Láseres Pulsados using a laser-driven particle source.
  • Co-irradiation of samples with laser-generated electrons and protons.
  • Analysis of the resulting X-ray signals for elemental identification and quantification.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the capability to identify elements in a sample by exploiting X-ray signals from co-irradiated electrons and protons.
  • Successfully obtained quantitative sample structure information using only the laser-driven proton beam via PIXE.
  • Validated the potential of laser-driven particle sources for materials analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Laser-driven PIXE and EDX are viable techniques for elemental characterization.
  • These methods can provide quantitative elemental and structural information.
  • The development of compact, laser-based elemental analysis systems is feasible.