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Updated: Aug 9, 2026
19:53
Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
Paralyzed eyelids reanimated with a closed-eyelid spring
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA.
The Laryngoscope
|April 1, 1988
Summary
A new closed-eyelid spring technique effectively reanimates paralyzed eyelids, restoring voluntary blinking and protecting the cornea. This method successfully addresses lower eyelid drooping in most patients, improving eyelid function.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Plastic Surgery
- Reconstructive Surgery
Background:
- Gold weight and open wire spring implants offer corneal protection for eyelid paralysis but do not address lower eyelid drooping.
- Eyelid paralysis can lead to significant functional and aesthetic challenges, including exposure keratitis and facial asymmetry.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce and evaluate the efficacy of a novel closed-eyelid spring technique for managing eyelid paralysis.
- To assess the ability of the closed-eyelid spring to restore voluntary blinking, provide corneal protection, and correct lower eyelid position.
Main Methods:
- The study involved implanting 27 closed-eyelid springs in patients with eyelid paralysis.
- Surgical technique, patient selection criteria, and post-operative outcomes were documented.
Main Results:
- The closed-eyelid spring technique successfully reanimated paralyzed eyelids in 25 out of 27 patients.
- Patients experienced reestablished voluntary blinking, adequate corneal protection, and improved lower eyelid positioning.
Conclusions:
- The closed-eyelid spring technique is a viable and effective surgical option for treating eyelid paralysis.
- This innovative approach offers significant improvements in both functional and aesthetic outcomes for affected individuals.
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