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Related Concept Videos

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Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.
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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which...
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Updated: Nov 19, 2025

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Cdx2 Regulates Intestinal EphrinB1 through the Notch Pathway.

Yalun Zhu1, Alexa Hryniuk1,2, Tanya Foley1

  • 1Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.

Genes
|February 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Loss of Cdx2 in colorectal cancer cells impacts Notch signaling and EphrinB1 expression, contributing to tumor progression. This study reveals a novel mechanism involving Cdx2, Notch, and EphrinB1 in colorectal cancer development.

Keywords:
CdxEphrinB1NotchSW480colorectal cancerdifferentiation

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular biology
  • Cancer research
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) frequently involves mutations in Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC), a Wnt signaling inhibitor, leading to intestinal polyps.
  • Murine APC mutations cause polyps but rarely progress to carcinoma without additional genetic alterations.
  • Cdx transcription factors (Cdx1, Cdx2) are crucial for intestinal epithelium homeostasis; Cdx2 loss correlates with aggressive CRC subtypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Cdx2 in colorectal cancer progression.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which Cdx2 loss influences tumor development.
  • To explore the relationship between Cdx2, Notch signaling, and EphrinB1 in CRC.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling Cdx2 loss in SW480 colorectal cancer cells.
  • Analysis of Notch signaling pathway activity.
  • Investigation of EphrinB1 gene expression and its regulation.

Main Results:

  • Cdx2 loss in SW480 cells significantly impacted Notch signaling.
  • EphrinB1 was identified as a direct target gene of Notch signaling.
  • Loss of EphrinB1 phenocopied aspects of the villous tumor phenotype observed with Cdx2 loss.

Conclusions:

  • Cdx2 influences colorectal cancer progression through modulation of Notch-dependent EphrinB1 signaling.
  • This pathway represents a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
  • Understanding Cdx2's role provides insights into CRC pathogenesis and aggressive subtypes.