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Sclerosing Polycystic Adenoma.

Justin A Bishop¹, Lester D R Thompson²

¹Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 6201 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.

Surgical Pathology Clinics

|February 2, 2021

Summary

Sclerosing polycystic adenoma (SPA) is an uncommon salivary gland lesion. This review clarifies its histology and differential diagnosis to prevent misclassification as benign or malignant neoplasms.

Keywords:

PI3 kinase Parotid gland Salivary glands Sclerosing polycystic adenoma Sclerosing polycystic adenosis

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Area of Science:

Pathology
Histology
Oncology

Background:

Sclerosing polycystic adenoma (SPA) is an uncommon salivary gland lesion.
Its histology, characterized by fibrosis, cysts, and metaplasia, was initially compared to breast fibrocystic changes.
SPA's complex histology can lead to confusion with other conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive review of Sclerosing polycystic adenoma (SPA).
To emphasize the key histologic features of SPA.
To aid in resolving the differential diagnosis of SPA.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on Sclerosing polycystic adenoma (SPA).
Analysis of characteristic histologic findings.
Comparison with differential diagnostic entities.

Main Results:

SPA exhibits a unique combination of fibrosis, cystic changes, apocrine metaplasia, and ductal/acinar/myoepithelial cell proliferation.
These features can mimic reactive conditions, benign neoplasms, or malignant neoplasms.
Accurate identification relies on recognizing the specific constellation of SPA's histologic features.

Conclusions:

Sclerosing polycystic adenoma (SPA) is the preferred nomenclature.
Understanding SPA's distinct histology is crucial for accurate diagnosis.
Distinguishing SPA from other salivary gland lesions prevents misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.