Unilateral periorbital swelling in children: avoid delays in diagnosis

Saroj Gupta1, Deepak Soni2

  • 1Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Science, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India sarojini94@yahoo.co.in.

BMJ Case Reports
|February 2, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Orbital cellulitis, a serious eye infection, requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent vision loss. Differentiating it from less severe preseptal cellulitis is crucial for effective management in children.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Preseptal cellulitis is a common condition in children, often treated with oral antibiotics.
  • Prompt differentiation between preseptal and orbital cellulitis is critical for appropriate management.

Observation:

  • A 10-year-old presented with worsening periorbital swelling, proptosis, restricted eye movements, and a relative afferent pupillary defect.
  • Initial diagnosis of preseptal cellulitis was revised to orbital cellulitis with sinusitis based on clinical signs and CT scan.

Findings:

  • Orbital cellulitis, a severe infection, was confirmed via CT scan, indicating orbital and sinus involvement.
  • Treatment involved parenteral antibiotics and endoscopic sinus surgery.

Implications:

  • Orbital cellulitis is an ocular emergency requiring immediate intervention.
  • Delayed diagnosis can lead to severe vision impairment and life-threatening intracranial complications.