Optimization of elemental selenium (Se(0)) determination in yeasts by anion-exchange HPLC-ICP-MS

An analytical method was developed for the speciation of elemental selenium (Se(0)) in selenized yeasts by anion-exchange HPLC-ICP-MS after its chemical transformation into SeSO₃^2- by reaction with sodium sulfite. The presence of Se(0) in the yeasts was further confirmed by single-particle ICP-MS. Indeed, Se nanoparticles, if present, are expected to be, at least partly, Se(0). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, a well-recognized technique for chemical element speciation in the solid state, was also used with this objective. Both methods were able to confirm the presence of Se(0) in the selenized yeasts but failed to provide reliable quantitative results. Analytical performances of the HPLC-ICP-MS method were then evaluated for Se(0) determination. Quantification limits of 1 mg/kg were reached. The recovery levels from an added quantity comprised between 93 and 101%. Within-run and between-run precisions were both below 8%. The procedure developed was finally applied to quantify Se(0) content in a series of seven yeast batches from different suppliers. Se(0) was found to be present in all the studied yeasts and represented on average 10-15% of the total Se.