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On the impairment argument.

William Simkulet1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study refutes Perry Hendricks' abortion argument, which claims abortion is wrong due to fetal impairment. The analysis concludes that if a fetus is not a person, abortion does not cause harm, it only prevents existence.

Keywords:
Judith Jarvis Thomsonabortionimpairment argumentkilling/letting diemoral luckpersonhood

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Area of Science:

  • Bioethics
  • Philosophy of Law
  • Reproductive Rights

Background:

  • Philosophical debates on abortion often hinge on fetal personhood and the right to life.
  • Judith Jarvis Thomson's "A defense of abortion" bypasses personhood by focusing on bodily autonomy.
  • Perry Hendricks' recent argument posits abortion is wrong due to fetal impairment, even if the fetus is not considered a person.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically analyze and refute Perry Hendricks' impairment-based argument against abortion.
  • To examine the ethical implications of Hendricks' argument, particularly its reliance on the concept of harm to a non-person.
  • To clarify the distinction between preventing existence and causing harm in the context of abortion ethics.

Main Methods:

  • Philosophical argumentation and critical analysis of existing ethical theories on abortion.
  • Deconstruction of Perry Hendricks' "impairment argument" by examining its premises and conclusions.
  • Comparative analysis of Thomson's and Hendricks' approaches to abortion ethics.

Main Results:

  • Hendricks' argument fails because it incorrectly equates preventing future existence with causing harm.
  • The argument's foundation, that risking fetal impairment is wrong because it harms a future person, is flawed if the fetus is not considered a person.
  • Abortion, under the assumption of non-personhood, does not inflict harm but rather prevents a future individual from coming into existence.

Conclusions:

  • The ethical wrongness of abortion cannot be established through an impairment argument if the fetus is not recognized as a person.
  • Hendricks' argument relies on a problematic extension of harm principles to potential beings.
  • A clearer distinction between harm and non-existence is crucial for evaluating abortion ethics.